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In these settings, efforts to develop festival tourism were stressed, as visitor markets became acutely aware of the compounding economic, natural, political and technology challenges and their effect on the changing demographics and social cultural landscapes of the communities. In delving into these challenges, two research teams, one in regional developmentferragamo outlet and one focusing on indigenous tourism, undertook action research in rural communities from 1995 to 1997 in regional Queensland and regional New South Wales. Festival directors from 50 countries participated in the action research tours, seminars, conferences and experimental festival tourism projects. The research teams recorded the impact of salvatore ferragamo outletchange within communities as visiting artists and tourism development specialists introduced new ideas and marketing networks during ten-day training festivals. The research process confirmed that all of the macro level challenges could be identified and addressed through ferragamo shoesresearch and strategic planning (Arnold, 1997a, b). The greater challenge during the festival tourism trials, however, was found at the microcosm level as several people thwarted community efforts to build festivals designed to attract visitors to their community. The disruptive salvatore ferragamo shoespersonalities, in each of the 23 communities involved in the festival tourism projects, were found to be new residents who perceived the festival tourism enterprise would compete with their own efforts to establish business or hinder their progress in becoming political leaders in the community. In attempting to influence political decision-making structures such as regional councils, the new residents insisted on introducing new health, security, traffic control and signage policies and fees on all festival tourism endeavours (Arnold, 1998).